About this previous year paper
KCS712 – INTERNET OF THINGS
Section-wise Solved Answers
SECTION A (2 × 10 = 20 Marks)
Attempt all questions in brief
a) Define IoT
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a network of physical objects (things) embedded with sensors,
software, and connectivity that enables them to collect and exchange data over the internet.
b) Data Enrichment
Data enrichment is the process of enhancing raw data by adding context, metadata, or additional information to make it more meaningful and useful.
c) BeagleBone Board
BeagleBone is an open-source, low-cost single-board computer used for IoT and embedded system development.
d) ARM Cortex
ARM Cortex is a family of high-performance, low-power processors widely used in embedded and IoT devices.
e) Role of Network in IoT Deployment
Networks enable device connectivity, data transmission, remote monitoring, and control across various IoT devices.
f) CDMA
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) is a spread-spectrum communication technique that allows multiple devices to share the same frequency band.
g) Arduino Libraries (Any Four)
Wire
SPI
Ethernet
Servo
h) Arduino Emulator
An Arduino emulator is a software tool that simulates Arduino hardware behavior for testing and debugging programs without physical hardware.
i) Smart Street Light System
A smart street light system uses sensors and IoT controllers to automatically control lighting based on traffic, time, or environmental conditions, saving energy.
j) ESP8266
ESP8266 is a low-cost Wi-Fi microcontroller module used to connect IoT devices to the internet.
SECTION B (Attempt Any Three – 10 Marks Each)
a) Hardware Sources for IoT Prototype Development
Arduino Uno
Raspberry Pi
BeagleBone Black
ESP8266 / ESP32
Sensors (temperature, humidity, motion)
These components help in rapid IoT prototyping and testing.
b) Sensors and Actuators
Sensors:
Devices that detect physical parameters like temperature, light, or motion.
Example: Temperature sensor, IR sensor.
Actuators:
Devices that perform actions based on control signals.
Example: Motors, LEDs, relays.
c) MAC Protocols in Sensor Networks
Contention-based MAC (CSMA)
TDMA-based MAC
Hybrid MAC protocols
These protocols manage channel access and energy efficiency.
d) Arduino LED Blink Program
void setup() { pinMode(13, OUTPUT); } void loop() { digitalWrite(13, HIGH); delay(1000); digitalWrite(13, LOW); delay(1000); }
This program blinks an LED connected to pin 13.
e) Development Challenges in IoT Security and privacy
Scalability Power consumption
Interoperability Data management
SECTION C (Attempt Any One – 10 Marks)
a) Difference between M2M and IoT
| M2M | IoT |
|---|---|
| Machine to Machine | Internet-based |
| Limited connectivity | Cloud-based |
| Less scalable | Highly scalable |
b) Functions of Data Consolidation Data filtering
Data integration Data storage
Data analysis Decision support
SECTION D (Attempt Any One – 10 Marks)
a) RFID and Its Working
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) uses radio waves to identify objects.
Working:
RFID reader emits radio signal
Tag responds with stored data
Data is processed by system
b) Embedded System & Raspberry Pi
An embedded system is a dedicated computing system designed for a specific function.
Raspberry Pi:
A small, low-cost computer used for IoT, automation, and education.