About this previous year paper
SECTION A (2 Marks Each)
(a) Human Values
Human values are the basic principles that guide human behavior, such as truth, trust, respect, love, honesty, and responsibility. They ensure harmony within individuals and society.
(b) Universal Human Order
Universal human order refers to a system of living in harmony with oneself, society, nature, and existence as a whole.
(c) Mutual Happiness Ensures Justice in Relationships
When relationships are based on mutual happiness, trust, and respect, fairness naturally exists. This balance leads to justice without force or conflict.
(d) Concept of Non-Possessiveness
Non-possessiveness means using resources responsibly without greed, ensuring availability for present and future generations.
(e) Human Order
Human order is a value-based social system where human beings live with right understanding, ethical conduct, and mutual cooperation.
(f) Processes of an Education System
Education involves right understanding, skill development, and value inculcation, helping individuals contribute positively to society.
(g) Purpose of Production
The purpose of production is to fulfill human needs, ensure prosperity, and maintain harmony with nature—not unlimited accumulation.
(h) Samadhi (Right Concentration)
Samadhi is a state of mental stability and clarity, achieved through meditation and self-discipline.
(i) Tradition
Tradition is the continuous transmission of values, culture, and knowledge from one generation to another.
(j) Sum Up
Sum up means bringing together key ideas or conclusions in a clear and concise form.
SECTION B (10 Marks Each – Attempt Any Three)
(a) Need of Family and Role of Relationships
Family is essential for emotional security, value education, care, and social development. Relationships fulfill psychological needs like trust, affection, and belonging. They help individuals grow morally and socially, ensuring continuity of human values.
(b) Buddha’s Astangik Marg (Eightfold Path)
Buddha’s Eightfold Path includes right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration. Together, these guide individuals towards ethical living, mental peace, and liberation from suffering.
(c) Universal Human Order as Continuity
Universal human order exists as a continuous flow from individual to family, society, nature, and existence. Living beings follow natural harmony, while humans must consciously understand and live according to it to maintain balance.
(d) Role of Exchange and Storage in Humane Society
Exchange ensures mutual fulfillment of needs, while storage ensures security for future requirements. When guided by values, they prevent exploitation and promote fairness.
(e) Steps for Transition from Current State & Role of Students
Steps include self-awareness, value education, ethical living, community participation, and responsible consumption. Students can participate through awareness campaigns, ethical behavior, social service, and sustainable practices.
SECTION C (10 Marks Each)
Q3
(a) Human Relationship and Role of Work
Human relationships are based on trust, respect, and care. Work plays a vital role by enabling individuals to fulfill responsibilities and contribute to family and society, strengthening relationships.
(b) Need for Undivided Society & Universal Human Order
An undivided society ensures equality, cooperation, and mutual respect. Universal human order provides a framework where humans live in harmony with society and nature.
Q4
(a) Culture and Civilization
Culture represents values, traditions, and ethics, while civilization represents material development and systems. True development occurs when both grow together harmoniously.
(b) Justice in Relationship
Justice means ensuring mutual happiness and trust in relationships. Justice leads to ethical conduct, which forms the foundation of culture, civilization, and humane behavior.
Q5
(a) Education System for a Better Society
Education should focus on value-based learning, ethical reasoning, skill development, and social responsibility to build a harmonious society.
(b) Universal Order on Basis of Undivided Society
An undivided society respects all beings and ensures equality. The conceptual framework includes right understanding, ethical conduct, and sustainable living.
Q6
(a) Role of Health and Sanyam
Health ensures physical and mental well-being, while sanyam (self-discipline) ensures controlled consumption and behavior, supporting universal human order.
(b) Role of Education–Sanskar
Education provides knowledge, while sanskar develops values and ethics. Together, they shape responsible and compassionate individuals.
Q7
(a) Scope and Steps of Universal Human Order
Scope includes individual harmony, family values, social justice, environmental balance, and coexistence. Steps include awareness, value education, ethical action, and sustainable practices.
(b) Transition from Current State to Ideal State
The transition involves self-transformation, value-based education, social participation, responsible production, and ecological balance.