About this previous year paper
SECTION A
(2 × 10 = 20 | Very Short Answers)
a. Define Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services such as servers, storage, databases, networking, and software over the internet on a pay-as-you-use basis.
b. What is OpenNebula?
OpenNebula is an open-source cloud management platform used to manage private, public, and hybrid cloud infrastructures.
c. Examples of Cloud Services
Examples include Google Drive, Amazon EC2, Microsoft Azure, Dropbox, Salesforce, and Gmail.
d. What is Database as a Service (DBaaS)?
DBaaS is a cloud service where database management tasks like setup, maintenance, backup, and scaling are handled by the cloud provider.
e. Define Groupware
Groupware is software that enables collaboration and communication among users working together, such as emails, shared calendars, and document collaboration tools.
f. What is CRM Management?
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is a system used to manage customer data, interactions, sales, and services to improve business relationships.
g. What is Hypervisor?
A hypervisor is software that enables multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical machine by sharing hardware resources.
h. Define Interpretation
Interpretation refers to translating high-level instructions into machine-readable commands during program execution.
i. Why does cloud need security?
Cloud needs security to protect data confidentiality, prevent unauthorized access, ensure availability, and safeguard against cyber threats.
j. Common messaging standards used in cloud
Common standards include SOAP, REST, AMQP, JMS, and MQTT.
SECTION B
(Attempt any THREE | 10 Marks each)
2(a) Types of cloud and services provided by cloud
Clouds are classified into Public Cloud, Private Cloud, Hybrid Cloud, and Community Cloud.
Public cloud is owned by third-party providers and shared among users.
Private cloud is dedicated to a single organization.
Hybrid cloud combines public and private clouds.
Community cloud is shared among organizations with similar requirements.
Cloud services include IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS, providing infrastructure, development platforms, and applications respectively.
2(b) Monitoring as a Service & Communication as a Service
Monitoring as a Service (MaaS) provides real-time monitoring of servers, applications, and networks using cloud-based tools.
Communication as a Service (CaaS) delivers communication solutions like voice, video conferencing, messaging, and collaboration tools over the cloud.
2(c) CRM Management on Cloud
Cloud-based CRM stores customer data centrally and provides real-time access to sales, marketing, and service teams. It improves scalability, data security, collaboration, and reduces infrastructure cost.
2(d) Virtualization and types of virtualization
Virtualization is the process of creating virtual versions of computing resources.
Types include: Server virtualization
Storage virtualization Network virtualization
Desktop virtualization Application virtualization
2(e) Hadoop / MapReduce / VirtualBox
(Any two)
Hadoop is an open-source framework for storing and processing large data sets using distributed computing.
MapReduce is a programming model used in Hadoop for parallel processing of large data.
VirtualBox is an open-source virtualization software that allows multiple operating systems to run on a single machine.
SECTION C
3(a) Cloud architecture and its components
Cloud architecture consists of: Front end (client devices, browsers)
Back end (servers, storage, databases)
Network Cloud service models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
Deployment models (public, private, hybrid)
Each component works together to provide scalable and reliable cloud services.
3(b) Evolution and history of cloud computing
Cloud computing evolved from mainframe systems, client-server models, grid computing, and virtualization. Advances in internet speed, storage, and virtualization technologies led to modern cloud services offered by providers like Amazon, Google, and Microsoft.
4(a) SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS
SaaS provides ready-to-use applications over the internet.
PaaS provides platforms for application development and deployment.
IaaS provides virtualized computing resources like servers and storage.
4(b) Cloud products by Amazon, Google, Microsoft, and IBM
Amazon AWS: EC2, S3, RDS
Google Cloud: Compute Engine, Cloud Storage, BigQuery
Microsoft Azure: Azure VM, Azure SQL, Azure Storage
IBM Cloud: IBM Virtual Servers, Watson AI services
5(a) Email and cloud-based email communication
Cloud-based email allows users to send, receive, and store emails over the internet using services like Gmail and Outlook without local servers.
5(b) Cloud use in documents and spreadsheets
Cloud services allow users to create, edit, and share documents and spreadsheets online with real-time collaboration and automatic saving.
6(a) Xen, KVM, VMware, VirtualBox, Hyper-V
Xen: Open-source hypervisor KVM: Kernel-based Virtual Machine
VMware: Commercial virtualization platform VirtualBox: Open-source desktop virtualization
Hyper-V: Microsoft virtualization platform
6(b) Virtualization with examples
Virtualization allows efficient resource usage by running multiple systems on one machine. Example: running Linux and Windows on the same computer using VirtualBox.
7(a) Cloud standards for messaging, security & application development
Standards include REST, SOAP, OAuth, SSL/TLS, JSON, XML, and OpenAPI for secure communication and interoperability.
7(b) SaaS security and risks
SaaS security ensures data protection, access control, and compliance. Risks include data breaches, weak authentication, multi-tenancy issues, and dependency on service providers.