About this previous year paper
This document contains the complete B.Tech (Semester III) Theory Examination 2017–18 question paper for the subject Environment & Ecology (RAS-302). The paper is spread across two printed pages, carries 70 marks, and evaluates a student’s conceptual knowledge and understanding of environmental science, ecological systems, pollution, natural resources, and sustainability.
Section A – Short Conceptual Questions (14 Marks)
Section A presents seven brief questions, each designed to test foundational environmental concepts. Students must define or explain topics such as:
Environment, fluorosis, and soil erosion
Major natural sources of water
Pollutants and their classifications
Concept of a food web
Identification of ecological pyramids that cannot be inverted
This section checks basic awareness of environmental terms and ecological relationships.
Section B – Descriptive Environmental Questions (21 Marks)
Students are required to attempt any three questions, which involve explanation, comparison, and detailed understanding:
Water-related diseases, including water-borne and water-induced diseases
Meaning and causes of deforestation
Ecosystem structure, components, and energy flow
Overview of non-conventional energy resources, with detailed discussion on solar energy
The greenhouse effect, greenhouse gases, and their link to global warming
This section evaluates deeper environmental knowledge and analytical thinking.
Section C – Long, Analytical Questions (35 Marks)
Section C contains five groups, each requiring students to attempt one part. Questions require elaboration, impact analysis, and understanding of environmental applications:
1. Pollution & Its Control
Definition, causes, effects, and remedies of air pollution
Causes, effects, and control of water pollution
2. Environmental Laws & Sustainable Development
Why the Environmental Protection Act (1986) is known as an Umbrella Act
Meaning, elements, and goal of sustainable development
3. Environmental Protection Tools
Contribution of NGOs towards environmental conservation
Concept and segments of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
4. Biogeochemical Cycles & Human Influence
Detailed explanation of the carbon cycle and nitrogen cycle
Environmental impacts of transportation and agriculture
5. Future Energy & Education
Electromagnetic radiation and hydrogen as alternative fuel for the future
Importance of environmental education and women’s education in India
These questions measure a student's ability to connect concepts with real-world environmental challenges.
Summary
This examination paper thoroughly tests knowledge of:
Environmental fundamentals
Ecosystems & energy flow
Pollution types and solutions
Global warming & greenhouse gases
Environmental laws & sustainable development
Biogeochemical cycles
Environmental education & social awareness
It is a complete academic resource for students studying Environment & Ecology under engineering programs.